Nucleic acids and chromatin: Online Course from OpenLearn

This free course, Nucleic acids and chromatin, helps you to understand the properties of nucleotides and how they contribute to secondary and tertiary structures of nucleic acids at the molecular ...

Syllabus

- Introduction
- Learning outcomes
- 1 The biological role of nucleic acids
- 1 The biological role of nucleic acids
- 1.1 Early observations
- 1.2 Nucleic acids: genetic, functional and structural roles in the cell
- 1.3 Nucleic acids and the flow of genetic information
- 2 The molecular structure of nucleic acids
- 2 The molecular structure of nucleic acids
- 2.1 The primary structure of nucleic acids
- 2.2 General features of higher-order nucleic acid structure
- Base pairing
- Base stacking
- 2.3 Analysing nucleic acid structures
- 2.4 Analysis of nucleic acids by electrophoresis and hybridisation
- Summary of Section 2
- 3 Structural aspects of DNA
- 3 Structural aspects of DNA
- 3.1 The helical structure of DNA
- 3.2 Higher-order DNA structures: DNA twisting and torsional effects
- 3.2 Higher-order DNA structures: DNA twisting and torsional effects (continued)
- Torsional energy can be taken up by alternative DNA conformations
- The fluidity of torsional stress along the DNA chain
- DNA topoisomerases
- 3.3 Other structures in DNA
- Triplex structures
- Quadruplex structures
- Summary of Section 3
- 4 RNA structure and function
- 4 RNA structure and function
- 4.1 The varied structures of RNA
- 4.2 The structure of tRNA
- 4.3 Hairpin formation and micro-RNAs
- 4.4 Ribozymes
- 4.5 The use of nucleic acids as targeting agents
- Antisense regulation of gene expression
- Aptamers
- 4.6 Summary
- 5 DNA damage
- 5 DNA damage
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 The chemical stability of DNA
- The loss of a DNA base causes an abasic site
- The deamination of DNA
- Ultraviolet irradiation
- Reactive oxygen species
- Alkylating agents
- ‘Bulky’ agents
- Summary of Section 5
- 6 Protein–nucleic acid interactions
- 6 Protein–nucleic acid interactions
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Non-covalent bonding in site-specific binding
- 6.3 The recognition of specific DNA sequences by proteins
- 6.4 Non-specific DNA-protein interactions
- 6.5 Conformational changes upon protein–DNA interactions
- Summary of Section 6
- 7 DNA packaging and chromatin
- 7 DNA packaging and chromatin
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 The eubacterial chromosome
- DNA supercoiling and protein binding in the E. coli chromosome
- The DPS protein compacts the eubacterial chromosome during stress
- 7.3 The eukaryotic chromosome
- The histone proteins
- The histone fold and formation of the nucleosome
- 7.3 The eukaryotic chromosome (continued)
- Nucleosomal DNA packaging into a 30 nm fibre: the role of histone H1
- Core histone tail modification regulates DNA compaction
- Summary of Section 7
- 8 Chromosomal organisation in the eukaryotic nucleus
- 8 Chromosomal organisation in the eukaryotic nucleus
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Chromosome scaffolds
- 8.3 Chromosome distribution within the nucleus
- 8.4 The organisation of the mitotic chromosome
- Summary of Section 8
- End of of unit questions
- Next steps
- References
- Acknowledgements

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